Filed under: India

Modern Strategy and Hinduism: Finding Parallels - The Conversation - Harvard Business Review

Strategy used to be about protecting your existing competitive advantage. Today, it's about finding the next advantage. Strategy starts to decay the moment it's created. That's why corporations must develop strategies that address tomorrow's business realities. Strategic actions that companies take belong in one of three boxes:

Box 1 = managing the present
Box 2 = selectively abandoning the past
Box 3 = creating the future

The first box is about improving your current businesses. Boxes 2 and 3 are about innovation, breakout performance, and growth. Most organizations restrict their strategic thinking to Box 1...

In some ways, to understand these three boxes is to understand Hinduism . Though the Hindu religion recognizes 330 million gods, there are only three main Hindu deities: Vishnu, the god of preservation; Shiva, the god of destruction; and Brahma, the god of creation. The correspondence between the three boxes and the three Hindu gods is clear...

According to Hindu philosophy, preservation-destruction-creation is a continuous cycle without a beginning or an end. The three gods play an equally important role in all three phases of that process.

Full post at blogs.hbr.org

I found this recent HBR blog post by Vijay Govindarain wonderful and fascinating.

Over the years, much has been made of the link between religion, culture, and economic success. However, most of this has focused on the West and, specifically, the U.S.

From de Toqueville to Weber, scholars have praised the Protestant Work Ethic and Americans' proclivity toward self-help and civic engagement. While these may in fact contribute to the U.S.'s economic success, they are far from the full list of necessary and sufficient conditions for growth.

The post above sheds light on the fact that a range of cultural factors can contribute to economic growth. Some societies will score higher on certain elements while other societies will benefit from a special advantage in other areas.

All in all, a fascinating and important idea.

The Demographic Dividend

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Relative to my previous post, the "demographic dividend" is the idea that underlies the theory that India's economic expansion has barely begun. Looks like Sub-Saharan Africa also holds major potential, though it surely lags well behind India in terms of governance, health, education, and infrastructure.

It's Time to Re-Visit India

 I'm reading two fascinating books on India that are making me think again about the country's economic relationship with the West.

The first is "Imagining India" by Nandan Nilekani, CEO of Infosys, and the second is "India's Global Powerhouses" by Nirmalya Kumar at London Business School

The most powerful take-away from these books is that Indians may be the future of the global workforce

The West and also China, due to its one-child policy, are facing the reality of smaller workforces supporting aged populations. This means lower total output, less saving and investment, and slower economic growth. 

The baby boom that fueled decades of prosperity is over in the West and slowly ending in China, while India is in the thick of its own demographic boom, projected to last until about 2050. According to Nilekani's sources, by 2020 India will have an additional 47 million workers, a number equivalent to about 1/3 of the total US labor force and roughly equal to the projected aggregate workforce shortage in the West. 

To boot, India is already graduating far more engineers and technical professionals than Western universities, and Indian-owned companies often spend far greater amounts on training than their Western counterparts, in order to keep employees' skills updated.

If that wasn't enough, aided by the scale advantages associated with operating within such a massive domestic economy, and because of the need to serve relatively low-income customers, many Indian companies have developed unique low-cost business and operating models that allow them to be massively profitable on a global stage. Those profits are fueling increasing numbers of large acquisitions of Western firms (see Kumar for more on this). Suddenly, more and more workforces across Europe and the US find themselves working for Indian bosses.

It's easy to get overly bullish on India. There has been a great deal of hype surrounding the country and its economic potential, and slow change has caused many of us to become skeptical. Still, fundamental indicators continue to suggest that India's economic transformation is slowly but surely changing the global stage.